Cystitis is a urinary tract infection that primarily affects women. It occurs when bacteria, usually E. coli, enter the urethra and multiply in the bladder.
Symptoms include pain or burning during urination, frequent urge to urinate, cloudy or bloody urine, and pain in the lower abdomen.
Risk factors include sexual activity, use of certain contraceptives, menopause, and a history of urinary tract infections. It is important to see a urologist at the first symptoms to receive proper treatment and avoid complications such as pyelonephritis.